Background: 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA) has been a component of dietary supplements and is also used\r\nwithin \"party pills,\" often in conjunction with alcohol and other drugs. Ingestion of higher than recommended\r\ndoses results in untoward effects including cerebral hemorrhage. To our knowledge, no studies have been\r\nconducted to determine both the pharmacokinetic profile and physiologic responses of DMAA.\r\nMethods: Eight men reported to the lab in the morning following an overnight fast and received a single 25 mg\r\noral dose of DMAA. Blood samples were collected before and through 24 hours post-DMAA ingestion and analyzed\r\nfor plasma DMAA concentration using high-performance liquid chromatographyââ?¬â??mass spectrometry. Resting heart\r\nrate, blood pressure, and body temperature was also measured.\r\nResults: One subject was excluded from the data analysis due to abnormal DMAA levels. Analysis of the remaining\r\nseven participants showed DMAA had an oral clearance of 20.02 Ã?± 5 LÃ?·hr-1, an oral volume of distribution of 236 Ã?±\r\n38 L, and terminal half-life of 8.45 Ã?± 1.9 hr. Lag time, the delay in appearance of DMAA in the circulation following\r\nextravascular administration, varied among participants but averaged approximately 8 minutes (0.14 Ã?± 0.13 hr). The\r\npeak DMAA concentration for all subjects was observed within 3ââ?¬â??5 hours following ingestion and was very similar\r\nacross subjects, with a mean of ~70 ngÃ?·mL-1. Heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature were largely\r\nunaffected by DMAA treatment.\r\nConclusions: These are the first data to characterize the oral pharmacokinetic profile of DMAA. These findings\r\nindicate a consistent pattern of increase across subjects with regards to peak DMAA concentration, with peak\r\nvalues approximately 15ââ?¬â??30 times lower than those reported in case studies linking DMAA intake with adverse\r\nevents. Finally, a single 25 mg dose of DMAA does not meaningfully impact resting heart rate, blood pressure, or\r\nbody temperature.
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